Using <picture> in Next.js for responsive images

Creating the ResponsiveImage component

On your components folder create a new component file, I'll be naming mine: ResponsiveImage.tsx.

Import getImageProps and create the base for the component:

import { getImageProps } from 'next/image';

export const ResponsiveImage = () => {
  return <></>;
};

Now I'm going to add some types for this component's prop, I'm going with a pretty basic type for brevity.

// Import base image props type
import { getImageProps, type ImageProps } from 'next/image';

// We'll be using src as the source of truth for the image
type ResponsiveImageProps = ImageProps & {
  desktopSrc: string;
};

export const ResponsiveImage = ({
  // Extract src and desktopSrc from props spread
  src,
  desktopSrc,
  ...props
}: ResponsiveImageProps) => {
  return <></>;
};

Moving forward, we'll now extract the props from the sources and apply common props.

import { getImageProps, type ImageProps } from 'next/image';

type ResponsiveImageProps = ImageProps & {
  desktopSrc: string;
};

export const ResponsiveImage = ({
  src,
  desktopSrc,
  ...props
}: ResponsiveImageProps) => {
  const { props: mobileImageProps } = getImageProps({ src, ...props });
  const { props: desktopImageProps } = getImageProps({
    src: desktopSrc,
    ...props,
  });

  return <></>;
};

NOTE

For this basic example I'll be sharing most props between both images, you'll probably want to specify props for desktop and mobile.

And finally we're going to use this new data in our template:

import { getImageProps, type ImageProps } from 'next/image';

type ResponsiveImageProps = ImageProps & {
  desktopSrc: string;
};

export const ResponsiveImage = ({
  src,
  desktopSrc,
  ...props
}: ResponsiveImageProps) => {
  const { props: mobileImageProps } = getImageProps({ src, ...props });
  const { props: desktopImageProps } = getImageProps({
    src: desktopSrc,
    ...props,
  });

  return (
    <picture>
      <source
        // Breakpoint at which point the image will switch
        media="(min-width: 1280px)"
        srcSet={desktopImageProps.srcSet}
      />

      // Spread on your main image (I'm going mobile first, so I do it for the mobileImage)
      <img {...mobileImageProps} />
    </picture>
  );
};

Usage is pretty straight forward, you just use it like the Image component!

<ResponsiveImage
  alt="Image alt"
  src="/mobile-image.jpg" // Base image
  desktopSrc="/desktop-image.jpg" // Desktop breakpoint image
  fill // I'm using fill for simplicity
  // Add other Image props as needed
/>

Testing it out

Open the page in a browser and access developer tools.
Navigate to the Network tab.
Reload the page and observe image requests:
- You should see a single image request initially.
Resize the browser window:
- Cross the 1280px breakpoint to trigger image switch.
- Observe a new image request for the desktop version.
Reload the page while at desktop size:
- Verify only one image request (desktop version) is made.

INFO

To easily confirm the image switch you can set 2 very distinct images for src and desktopSrc

That's it, hope you liked it!

Using <picture> in Next.js for responsive images

Introduction

Creating the ResponsiveImage component

Testing it out